Cov xov yog feem ntau muab faib rau hauv kev sib txuas xov thiab kis xov.Rau kev sib txuas xov, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog: tapping, threading, tig, dov thiab dov, thiab lwm yam.;rau kev sib kis xov, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog: ntxhib-tiav tig-sib tsoo, nplawm milling-coarse-finishing, thiab lwm yam.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm txoj cai xov tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau 220 BC, thaum cov kws tshawb fawb Greek Archimedes tau tsim cov ntsia hlau dej nqa.Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 4th AD, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm bolts thiab ceev tau pib siv rau cov presses siv winemaking nyob rau hauv lub Mediterranean lub teb chaws.Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, cov xov sab nraud tau raug mob nrog txoj hlua nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cylindrical bar, thiab ces carved raws li cov cim no, thaum cov xov sab hauv feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm hammering cov xov sab nraud nrog cov khoom softer.
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1500, nyob rau hauv daim duab kos duab ntawm cov xov ua cov cuab yeej kos los ntawm Italian Leonardo da Vinci, lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv tus poj niam ntsia hlau thiab ib qho kev sib pauv iav los ua cov xov nrog cov pitches sib txawv.Txij thaum ntawd los, txoj kev ntawm mechanically txiav threads tau tsim nyob rau hauv European watchmaking kev lag luam.
Xyoo 1760, cov kwv tij British J. Wyatt thiab W. Wyatt tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj rau kev txiav ntoo screws nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.Xyoo 1778, British J. Ramsden ib zaug tau ua cov xov txiav cov cuab yeej uas tau tsav los ntawm tus cab iav khub, uas tuaj yeem ua cov xov ntev nrog kev ua haujlwm siab.Xyoo 1797, tus txiv neej Askiv H. Maudsley tau siv cov poj niam cov ntsia hlau thiab cov iav sib hloov los tig cov xov hlau sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab dhos tau txhim kho los ntawm nws, thiab tso cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tig cov xov.
Nyob rau xyoo 1820, Maudsley tau tsim thawj cov kais dej thiab tuag rau threading.
Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tsheb txuas ntxiv txhawb cov txheej txheem ntawm cov xov thiab kev txhim kho ntawm ntau yam kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua tau zoo.Ntau yam tsis siv neeg qhib tuag hau thiab tsis siv neeg shrinking kais tau tsim ib qho tom qab, thiab xov milling pib siv.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1930s, xov sib tsoo tshwm sim.
Txawm hais tias cov xov dov tshuab tau patented nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 19th caug xyoo, vim hais tias ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm pwm manufacturing, txoj kev loj hlob qeeb heev kom txog rau thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob (1942-1945), vim yog kev xav tau ntawm caj npab ntau lawm thiab kev txhim kho ntawm xov sib tsoo. thev naus laus zis Txoj kev loj hlob sai tau ua tiav tsuas yog tom qab daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim pwm.
Thawj qeb: xov txiav
Nws feem ntau yog hais txog txoj kev machining threads ntawm workpieces nrog cov cuab yeej sib sau los yog cov cuab yeej abrasive, feem ntau suav nrog kev xa, milling, tapping, xov sib tsoo, sib tsoo thiab nplawm txiav.Thaum tig, milling thiab sib tsoo threads, cov xaim xaim ntawm cov cuab yeej siv lub tshuab ua kom lub cuab yeej tig, milling cutter los yog sib tsoo log txav raws nraim thiab sib npaug ib qho txhuas raws li qhov axis ntawm lub workpiece rau txhua lub kiv puag ncig ntawm lub workpiece.Thaum tapping lossis threading, lub cuab yeej (kais lossis tuag) thiab lub workpiece tig txheeb ze rau ib leeg, thiab lub cuab yeej (lossis workpiece) yog coj los ntawm cov xov uas yav dhau los tsim kom txav axially.
01 Xov tig
Xov tig ntawm lub tshuab dhos tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov cuab yeej tig los yog xov zuag.Tig threads nrog kev sib sau cov cuab yeej yog ib txoj hauv kev rau ib qho thiab me me batch ntawm threaded workpieces vim cov cuab yeej yooj yim;tig threads nrog ib tug xov combing cuab tam muaj ntau lawm efficiency, tab sis lub cuab tam qauv yog complex thiab tsuas yog haum rau nruab nrab thiab loj batch ntau lawm.Tig luv xov workpieces nrog zoo suab.Lub suab raug ntawm cov tshuab dhos zoo tib yam rau kev xa cov xov trapezoidal feem ntau tsuas yog ncav cuag 8 txog 9 qib (JB2886-81, tib yam hauv qab no);machining threads ntawm tshwj xeeb xov lathes tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau lossis raug.
02 Xov Milling
Milling nrog ib tug disc los yog zuag cutter ntawm ib tug xov zeb.
Disc milling cutters yog tsuas yog siv rau milling trapezoidal lwm threads ntawm workpieces xws li ntsia hlau thiab cab.Comb-shaped milling cutter yog siv rau milling sab hauv thiab sab nraud cov xov thiab tapered threads.Txij li thaum nws yog milled nrog ib tug ntau-blade milling cutter thiab qhov ntev ntawm nws ua hauj lwm ib feem yog ntau tshaj qhov ntev ntawm cov xov yuav tsum tau ua, lub workpiece tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tig 1.25 mus rau 1.5 lem mus ua tiav.Ua tiav nrog high productivity.Qhov tseeb ntawm cov xov milling feem ntau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 8 txog 9 qib, thiab qhov roughness yog R5 txog 0.63 microns.Txoj kev no yog tsim rau huab hwm coj ntau lawm ntawm threaded workpieces ntawm dav precision los yog rau roughing ua ntej sib tsoo.
03 Xov sib tsoo
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov txheej txheem precision threads ntawm hardened workpieces ntawm xov sib tsoo tshuab.Raws li cov duab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-section ntawm kev sib tsoo lub log, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: ib kab sib tsoo log thiab ntau txoj kab sib tsoo.Lub suab qhov tseeb uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm ib kab sib tsoo log sib tsoo yog 5 txog 6 qib, thiab qhov roughness yog R1.25 txog 0.08 microns, uas yooj yim dua rau kev sib tsoo log hnav.Txoj kev no yog tsim rau kev sib tsoo precision screws, xov gauges, worms, me me ntawm threaded workpieces thiab nyem sib tsoo precision hobs.Multi-line sib tsoo log sib tsoo yog muab faib ua longitudinal sib tsoo txoj kev thiab plunge sib tsoo txoj kev.Nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib tsoo longitudinal, qhov dav ntawm kev sib tsoo lub log yog me dua qhov ntev ntawm cov xov yuav tsum tau hauv av, thiab lub log sib tsoo txav mus rau longitudinally ib zaug los yog ob peb zaug kom zom cov xov mus rau qhov kawg loj.Qhov dav ntawm kev sib tsoo lub log ntawm txoj kev sib tsoo plunge yog qhov loj dua qhov ntev ntawm cov xov yuav hauv av.Lub log sib tsoo yog txiav rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece radially, thiab lub workpiece tuaj yeem ua rau hauv av zoo tom qab txog 1.25 revolutions.Cov khoom tsim tau siab, tab sis qhov tseeb yog me ntsis qis, thiab kev sib tsoo log hnav yog qhov nyuaj dua.Plunge sib tsoo yog tsim rau kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom loj ntawm cov kais dej thiab rau kev sib tsoo qee cov xov rau fastening.
04 Xov sib tsoo
Cov txiv ntoo-hom lossis ntsia hlau-hom xov sib tsoo cov cuab yeej yog ua los ntawm cov khoom muag xws li cam khwb cia hlau, thiab ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem xov ntawm lub workpiece nrog lub suab yuam kev yog rotated thiab hauv av rau pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab cov lus qhia los txhim kho lub suab raug. .Hardened internal threads feem ntau yog hauv av kom tshem tawm deformation thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb.
05 Tapping thiab threading
Tapping: Nws yog txhawm rau ntsia hlau tus kais dej rau hauv qhov pre-drilled hauv qab ntawm lub workpiece nrog ib qho torque los ua cov xov sab hauv.
Threading: Nws yog txiav cov xov sab nraud ntawm lub bar (los yog yeeb nkab) workpiece nrog tuag.Lub machining raug ntawm tapping los yog threading nyob ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm tus kais los yog tuag.
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua cov xov sab hauv thiab sab nraud, cov xov me me hauv cov xov tsuas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov kais dej.Tapping thiab threading tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm tes, nrog rau cov lathes, laum presses, tapping machine thiab threading machines.
Qhov thib ob qeb: xov dov
Cov txheej txheem ntawm plastically deforming lub workpiece nrog ib txoj kev dov tuag kom tau ib tug xov.Cov xov dov yog feem ntau ua rau ntawm lub tshuab dov los yog lub tshuab dhos tsis siv neeg nrog qhib thiab kaw xov dov taub hau.Sab nraud threads rau huab hwm coj ntau lawm ntawm tus qauv fasteners thiab lwm yam threaded couplings.Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov xov dov feem ntau tsis ntau tshaj 25 hli, qhov ntev tsis ntau tshaj 100 hli, cov xov raug tuaj yeem ncav cuag qib 2 (GB197-63), thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov khoob siv yog kwv yees sib npaug ntawm lub suab. txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov txheej txheem xov.Rolling feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua cov xov sab hauv, tab sis rau cov khoom ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv softer, grooveless extrusion kais tuaj yeem siv los ua kom txias-extrude internal threads (qhov siab tshaj plaws txoj kab uas hla tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 30 mm).Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li tapping.Lub torque yuav tsum tau rau txias extrusion ntawm cov xov sab hauv yog hais txog 1 lub sij hawm loj dua li ntawm tapping, thiab lub machining raug thiab nto zoo yog me ntsis siab dua cov tapping.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov xov dov: ①Qhov saum npoo roughness yog me dua li ntawm txoj siav, milling thiab sib tsoo;② Lub zog thiab hardness ntawm cov xov nto tom qab dov tuaj yeem txhim kho vim kev ua haujlwm txias;③ Cov khoom siv yog siab;④ Cov khoom tsim tau yog ob npaug piv rau kev txiav, thiab nws yooj yim rau kev paub automation;⑤ Lub neej ntawm dov tuag yog ntev heev.Txawm li cas los xij, cov xov dov yuav tsum muaj qhov hardness ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tsis tshaj HRC40;qhov seem qhov tseeb ntawm qhov khoob yog siab;qhov precision thiab hardness ntawm dov tuag kuj siab, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau tsim cov tuag;Nws tsis haum rau dov threads nrog asymmetric hniav zoo li.
Raws li qhov sib txawv dov tuag, xov dov tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: xov dov thiab xov dov.
06 Xov dov
Ob lub xov dov daim hlau nrog threaded hniav zoo yog teem rau ib leeg nrog 1/2 suab, lub phaj zoo li qub yog tsau, thiab cov phaj txav txav mus rau hauv ib qho reciprocating linear motion parallel rau lub phaj zoo li qub.Thaum lub workpiece raug xa mus rau ntawm ob daim hlau, lub phaj txav txav mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab rub lub workpiece rau plastically deform lub nto los ua ib tug xov.
07 Xov dov
Muaj peb hom radial xov dov, tangential xov dov thiab dov taub hau xov dov.
①Radial xov dov: 2 (los yog 3) xov dov lub log nrog xov profile yog ntsia rau ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke, cov khoom ua haujlwm tau muab tso rau ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm ob lub log, thiab ob lub log tig ntawm tib lub nrawm hauv tib txoj kev.Lub log kuj ua radial feed motion.Lub workpiece yog tig los ntawm cov xov dov lub log, thiab qhov saum npoo yog radially extruded los ua threads.Rau qee cov hlau lead uas tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qhov siab, ib txoj kev zoo sib xws kuj tuaj yeem siv rau yob txoj kev.
②Tangential xov dov: Kuj tseem hu ua planetary xov dov, cov cuab yeej dov muaj ib qho kev sib hloov ntawm lub hauv paus xov dov lub log thiab peb qhov ruaj khov arc-zoo li tus xov daim hlau.Thaum lub sij hawm xov dov, lub workpiece tuaj yeem noj tsis tu ncua, yog li cov khoom tsim tau siab dua li cov xov dov thiab radial xov dov.
③ Xov dov lub taub hau: Nws yog nqa tawm ntawm lub tshuab dhos tsis siv neeg thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua cov xov luv luv ntawm lub workpiece.Muaj 3 mus rau 4 xov dov lub log sib npaug sib npaug ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub workpiece hauv lub taub hau dov.Thaum lub sij hawm xov dov, lub workpiece tig thiab lub taub hau dov axially dov lub workpiece tawm ntawm cov xov.
08 EDM xov
Kev ua cov xov zoo tib yam feem ntau siv cov chaw machining lossis tapping cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej, thiab qee zaum phau ntawv tapping kuj ua tau.Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov tshwj xeeb, cov txheej txheem saum toj no tsis yooj yim kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo, xws li kev xav tau tshuab xov tom qab kev kho cua sov ntawm qhov chaw vim tsis saib xyuas, lossis vim yog cov khoom siv tsis raug, xws li xav tau kais ncaj qha ntawm carbide. cov khoom ua haujlwm.Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm EDM.
Piv nrog rau txoj kev machining, cov txheej txheem EDM yog tib yam, thiab lub qhov hauv qab yuav tsum tau drilled ua ntej, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub qhov hauv qab yuav tsum txiav txim siab raws li kev ua haujlwm.Cov electrode yuav tsum tau muab machined rau hauv cov xov zoo, thiab cov electrode yuav tsum tau tig thaum lub sij hawm machining txheej txheem.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-06-2022